Insect prevention measures in warehouses

Insect prevention measures in warehouses 2021-06-20 09:58:22 Insects in warehouses not only eat animal and plant goods and packaging, but also harm synthetic chemicals such as plastic and chemical fiber. If pests occur in the cargo, if measures are not taken to kill them in time, it will often cause serious losses. Goods that are susceptible to insects are mainly processed goods made from animal and plant raw materials with high nutrient content such as protein, fat, cellulose, starch, sugar, and lignin, including textiles, especially woolen silk fabrics; fur, leather Products, including leather and its products, fur and its products; bamboo and rattan products, wood products and paper products; grain, tobacco, dried fruits and vegetables, Chinese medicinal materials, etc. Among the worm-eaten storage goods, grain, oil, and feed are the most serious ones, and the more serious ones are livestock products, aquatic products, Chinese medicinal materials, tobacco leaves, leather products, cotton and linen fabrics, etc. Measures to prevent and control warehouse pests can start from three aspects: eliminating the source of warehouse pests, physical control and the use of chemical agents. Among them, chemical control is the use of toxic chemicals to kill pests directly or indirectly. (1) Put an end to the source of warehouse pests To put an end to the source of warehouse pests, it is necessary to strengthen the inspection and acceptance of human warehouses, and carry out insecticidal and anti-insect treatments on the raw materials and packaging of insect-prone goods. According to the specific conditions, the goods shall be separately put into storage and stored separately. During the storage period of the goods, the goods susceptible to insect pests shall be inspected regularly and the forecasting work shall be done. Do a good job in daily cleaning and sanitation, eradicate weeds around the storage area, remove sewage from nearby ditches, thoroughly clean up the warehousing and seal the gaps and holes inside and outside the warehouse, and at the same time supplement the disinfection of the empty warehouse with chemicals, within one meter of the surrounding warehouse Spray the insect-proof thread with medicament to effectively eliminate the source of pests. (2) The use of physical machinery to prevent and control physical machinery is to adjust the physical factors of the warehouse naturally or artificially (light, electricity, heat, freezing, atomic energy, ultrasonic, far infrared, microwave and high-frequency oscillation, etc.) to destroy the physiological function and body of the pest Structure that makes it impossible to survive or inhibits its reproduction. Commonly used methods are: 1. Light trapping Light trapping is to use pests' tendency to light to install pest trap lights in the warehouse. When the lights are turned on at night, the light-tending pests are forced to inhale the pre-installed poisons along with the airflow. In the bottle (the bottle contains a little sodium cyanide or potassium cyanide), it will cause poisoning and death. 2. High temperature insecticide High temperature insecticide is to raise the temperature above 40 ℃, so that its activities are inhibited, the reproduction rate decreases, and it enters a state of heat paralysis until death. 3. Low temperature insecticidal low temperature insecticidal is to reduce the environmental temperature, so that the physiological activities of the pest's body become slow, enter a cold paralyzed state, until death, in order to achieve the insecticidal effect. 4. Ionizing radiation insecticide Ionizing radiation insecticide is the use of X-rays, γ-rays or fast neutron rays emitted from several ionizing radiation sources to kill insects or make them sterile. 5. Microwave insecticidal Microwave insecticidal is to make pests oscillate violently under the microwave action of high-frequency electromagnetic field, and produce a lot of heat energy, until the body temperature rises to 68 ℃ and die. This method has short processing time and high insecticidal effect. In addition, far-infrared rays, high-temperature drying and other methods can be used to prevent insects. (3) The use of chemical agents to control chemical agents is the use of pesticides to kill pests through stomach poisoning, contact killing or fumigation. It is the main measure of current warehouse pest control. It has the advantages of thoroughness, rapidness and high efficiency, and both The role of prevention and treatment. But it also has the disadvantages of being harmful to people, polluting the environment, and vulnerable to goods. Therefore, the use of chemicals in grain and other foods should be restricted to prevent pests. The following principles must be implemented in the prevention and control of the use of chemical agents: sufficient ability to kill warehouse insects, safe and reliable to the human body, and the nature of the drug does not affect the quality of the goods; it is safer for warehouses, warehouses, and packaging materials, convenient to use, and economical; Choose chemicals that are highly toxic to pests, and choose the pests to be applied at the weakest period of resistance; comprehensive control and rotation of pesticides should be adopted to prevent the formation of resistance. Common chemical control methods are: 1. Repellent methodThe repellent method is to put volatile solid drugs with special pungent odors and toxic solid drugs in the packaging of goods or in the sealed stacks, so that the volatilized gas is in the Always maintain a certain concentration around the goods, so as to achieve the purpose of repelling pests. Commonly used are naphthalene, camphor extract, etc., which can generally be used to prevent insects from goods such as wool, silk, cotton, hemp, leather, bamboo and paper, but not for food and plastic goods. 2. Liquid spraying The liquid spraying method uses chemical insecticides for spraying in empty and real silos to kill pests through contact and stomach poisoning. Dichlorvos and trichlorfon are commonly used for warehouse and environmental disinfection. Except for food, most goods can be killed in real or empty warehouses through liquid spraying. 3. Fumigation method Fumigation method uses the highly toxic gas generated by the volatilization of liquids and solids to enter the human body through the air valves and trachea of u200bu200bthe pests, causing the poisoning and death of the insects and playing a fumigation effect. Commonly used agents include methyl bromide, aluminum phosphide, etc., which are generally used for pest control in fur products and bamboo and wood products. Using fumigation to kill insects has the advantages of low cost and high efficiency. Combining the above prevention and control methods, according to the living habits of warehouse pests, artificially control and create an unfavorable external environment for the growth, development and reproduction of the pests, so as to achieve the purpose of prevention and control of warehouse pests. In the prevention and control of insect moths, the coordination and cooperation of various departments and links are required to comprehensively carry out comprehensive prevention and control according to local conditions in order to receive good results.