Overview of loading and unloading facilities and equipment

Overview of loading and unloading facilities and equipment 2021-06-20 14:02:05 (1) The characteristics of loading and unloading (1) Loading and unloading is a subsidiary and associated activity. Loading and unloading is an inevitable occurrence at the beginning and end of every logistics activity Therefore, sometimes it is often overlooked and sometimes regarded as an indispensable part of other operations. For example, generally speaking, 'automobile transportation' actually includes the accompanying loading, unloading and handling. The storage activities in the warehouse generally refer to loading, unloading and handling activities. (2) Loading, unloading and handling is a supportive and supportive activity. The subsidiary nature of loading, unloading and handling cannot be understood as passive. In fact, loading, unloading and handling is decisive to other logistics activities. Loading, unloading and handling will affect the quality and speed of other logistics activities. For example, improper loading will cause losses in the transportation process; improper unloading will cause difficulties in the next transfer movement of the goods. Many logistics activities can only achieve high-level operations with the support of effective loading and unloading. (3) Loading, unloading and handling is a cohesive activity. When any other logistics activities transition to each other, they are all connected by loading, unloading and handling. Therefore, loading, unloading and handling often becomes the 'bottleneck' of the entire logistics, and it is whether the various functions of logistics can be formed. The key to organic connections and close cohesion. The key to establishing an effective logistics system from Guangzhou to Yuxi logistics depends on whether this connection is effective. (4) Loading, unloading and handling increases logistics costs. Traditional logistics loading, unloading and handling prolongs the logistics time. At the same time, a large amount of live labor and materialized labor that do not bring added value are invested, which increases the logistics cost, and attention should be paid to controlling the cumulative cost of repeated loading and unloading. (2) Classification of loading, unloading and handling equipment (1) Classification according to the nature of work. Loading and unloading and handling equipment is divided into three types: loading and unloading equipment, handling equipment and handling equipment according to the two operations of loading and unloading and handling. Equipment with a single loading and unloading function includes manual hoists, fixed cranes (such as truck cranes, cantilever cranes, etc.. Although cranes have a certain moving radius and have partial handling effects, they are still single-function loading and unloading equipment); single-function handling equipment includes Various trucks, trolleys, etc.; equipment with both loading and unloading and handling functions are mainly forklifts and gantry cranes used in stations. (2) According to the working principle of the equipment, the loading and unloading and handling equipment can be divided into: ①Forklifts, including various general and special forklifts: ②Cranes, including gantry, bridge, crawler, automobile and other cranes ; ③ Conveyors, including roller, wheel, belt, chain, suspension and other conveyors; ④ Operating vehicles, including trolleys, trucks, unmanned trucks, trolleys and other operating vehicles ; ⑤ There are various types of pipeline transportation, including a type of equipment with pumps and pipelines as the main body that integrates the loading and unloading of liquid and powder. (3) According to whether there is power, the loading and unloading and handling equipment can be classified as follows: ①Gravity loading and unloading and handling equipment, including roller, roller, etc.; ②Power loading and unloading and handling equipment, divided into internal combustion type, electric type, large Most loading and unloading equipment belongs to this category; ③Manpower left loading and unloading and handling equipment, mainly including small machines and manual forklifts, handcarts, trolleys, manual lifting platforms, etc. (3) The choice of loading and unloading and handling equipment (1) On the premise of satisfying the on-site operation, the loading and unloading and handling equipment must first meet the nature of the on-site operation and the characteristics of materials and characteristics; the equipment's operating capacity (tonnage) and the amount of on-site operations must be formed The best state of cooperation; other influencing conditions on site. (2) Controlling operating costs. Loading and unloading costs include equipment investment, operating costs for loading and unloading and handling equipment, and operating costs for loading and unloading and handling. (3) The matching of various supporting loading and unloading and handling equipment for loading and unloading and handling equipment refers to the reasonable selection of different types of related equipment according to the nature of the site operation, the form of transportation, the speed, and the distance of the handling. The equipment is matched according to the amount of loading and unloading operations and the types of materials to be loaded and unloaded. On the basis of determining the production capacity of various equipment, the number of equipment required for loading and unloading 10,000 tons of goods per year, the type of loading and unloading materials that each device undertakes, and the annual Complete the tonnage of loading and unloading goods to be matched. In addition, linear programming methods can also be used to design various supporting plans for loading and unloading operations. That is, Guangzhou to Zhaotong Logistics lists several linear inequalities according to the requirements of the loading and unloading operations site, and determines the objective function, and then finds the optimal The number of various equipment. 1536