The rise of railway logistics centers

The rise of the railway logistics center 2021-06-20 12:28:22 The logistics center is a new way of logistics collection and distribution generated when the logistics industry has developed to a certain stage. The emergence of the logistics center has produced huge economic and social benefits to neighboring cities. , Mainly manifested in: reducing the pressure of logistics on urban transportation, reducing the adverse impact of logistics on the urban environment, improving the scale efficiency of logistics operations, meeting the requirements of the large-scale development trend of warehouse construction, and meeting the development of cargo intermodal transportation demand. As energy conservation and environmental protection have gradually become the theme of world development, railway logistics centers have increasingly become the focus of logistics center planning and development. In terms of the layout of railway freight stations, most developed countries first integrated freight stations, closed small freight stations, developed large freight centers, and opened direct trains between large stations, which enabled the freight business to develop in scale and intensification. From the 1960s to the 1960s, the peak period for railway integration of freight stations in developed countries was the peak period: in the 1970s, the United States closed 8,650 stations on 29 lines; by 1980, France reduced 4549 passenger and freight shared stations to 2,930; Japan In 1955-19⒛, the state-owned railway reduced the original 3,515 stations to about 1,000, and the average distance between stations increased from 7km to 20km. After the integration of freight stations, railways in developed countries have established regional modern logistics centers with appropriate scale, reasonable layout, and advanced equipment in their respective cargo distribution centers to realize the integrated functions of transportation, storage, packaging, loading and unloading, circulation processing, and information processing. , And created a new form of freight service. Germany is one of the countries with a relatively high level of logistics development in Europe. Since the 1980s, Germany has planned and built 40 logistics centers across the country (called 'freight villages' in Germany). Currently, there are already many national logistics centers. The center was built and put into use. In order to realize the rapid and direct transportation of goods, Germany has built a logistics center based on the construction of intermodal stations in a larger economic zone, and the scale is larger, some of which occupy an area of u200bu200bmore than 1km2. As of April 2013, 35 railway logistics centers have been built and put into use throughout Germany. The layout of the German railway logistics center presents the following characteristics: First, the industrial agglomeration effect of the railway logistics center is obvious. In Germany, basically only one comprehensive logistics park is set up in a city or economic region. For example, when Bremen Cargo Village started operation in early 1987, there were only 5 logistics companies. Now it has gathered more than 190 logistics companies and attracted more than 50 production-oriented companies to settle in the surrounding area. The number of employees in the park is as many as 80O0 people, accounting for 1.6% of the total population of Bremen. As the “extended arm” of the port, 20 cargoes from the Port of Bremen will be collected and distributed through the Bremen Cargo Village. More than 250 companies have gathered in the Nuremberg Freight Village, and the number of employees in the park is about 60,000. The second is to strengthen the connection and cooperation between various transportation methods and logistics enterprises through the construction of logistics centers. All freight villages are members of the German Logistics Park Association (DGG), and all freight villages have unified standards and coordinated operations under the coordination of DGG. Germany's leading logistics companies have invested in various freight villages, relying on logistics parks to form their own networks. The weaker logistics companies form alliances to station in the logistics parks to implement business synergy between the parks. The third is that the logistics center and the local economic and industrial development show a close synergy and win-win relationship. For example, the city of Ingolstadt is where the Audi headquarters is located, and the Ingolstadt Freight Village is a professional logistics park supporting the automotive industry. Ingolstadt has a total population of 125,000, of which 35,000 employees work for Audi. At that time, one of Audi's A3 production lines was planned to be moved to Eastern Europe, which would cause 30,000 to 40,000 unemployment in Ingolstadt. In order to retain Audi's production line, the city of Ingolstadt promised to improve Audi's production environment and set up a supporting automobile logistics park, and the Ingolstadt freight village was built. The park attracted 35 companies to provide supporting services for Audi.