Types of logistics centers

The type of logistics center 2021-06-20 08:41:23 The main functions or focus of logistics management in different types of logistics bases are also different, such as collection, bulk, transit processing, warehousing and distribution, etc., due to logistics The geographical location of the center distribution and the characteristics of the economic environment are different, and this main functional difference has the characteristics of the requirements of regional economic development. (1) Freight hub station A freight hub is generally a number of nodes (stations) of a regional cargo transportation network, that is, a collection of a series of related freight stations. There are many types of freight yards, which often involve a wide range of multiple modes of transportation and the cooperative operation of multiple modes of transportation. They play a very important role in the regional and national logistics systemization, so their main functions and layout are also very distinctive. The main freight hub and various freight stations should belong to the category of regional logistics facilities. From the analysis of the trend of advanced logistics development, freight yards, as the nodes of regional trunk line transportation, can have a good connection, division of labor and cooperation with urban logistics centers (distribution centers), which is also a key link to realize the rationalization of larger-scale logistics. (2) The types of various types of logistics centers summarize the existing logistics facilities. Typical logistics centers mainly include the following categories: 1. Consolidation centers are logistics bases that integrate dispersedly produced parts, products, and items into large quantities of goods . Such logistics centers are usually distributed in areas such as small business groups, agricultural areas, fruit production areas, and pastoral areas. The main functions of the collection center are: (1) Centralize goods, concentrating scattered products and items into bulk goods; (2) Primary processing, sorting, grading, cleaning, tailoring, refrigeration, freezing and other operations; (3) ) Transport packaging, packaging meets the requirements of large-volume, high-speed, high-efficiency, and low-cost transportation; (4) Consolidation operations, using pallet series, containers, etc. for cargo consolidation operations to improve the continuity of the logistics process; (5) Cargo warehousing, seasonal storage and custody operations, etc. 2. The delivery center is a logistics base where goods that have arrived in large quantities are replaced with small quantities and delivered to users. Most of the goods delivered by the delivery center are containerized, bulk, large-volume, and large-packaged goods, and the goods that are shipped out are converted into small-packaged goods through sub-packaging processing. Such logistics centers are mostly distributed in the places where products are used, where they are consumed, or where stations, wharfs, and airports are located. Its main functions are: (1) Distribute goods, change large packages of goods into small packages; (2) Distribute goods, and deliver them to retailers and users; (3) Goods storage, etc. 3. The transfer center is a logistics facility that realizes the combined (relay) transportation of different transportation methods or the same transportation method. It is usually called a multimodal transport station, a container transfer station, a freight transfer station, etc. Transshipment centers are mostly distributed in areas such as nodes and hubs of the integrated transportation network. The main functions of this type of logistics center are: (1) cargo transfer, cargo loading and unloading transfer between different transportation equipment; (2) cargo collection and stowage, collecting and distributing goods into parts, and carrying out stowage operations for different purposes; (3) Goods warehousing and other services, etc. 4. The processing center will deliver the arrived goods to the user or the place of use after circulation processing. This type of logistics base focuses on the distribution and processing needs of raw materials, materials, products, etc., and is equipped with special equipment and production facilities. Although this kind of processing technology is not complicated, it has the basic characteristics of production and processing, so it has certain restrictions and requirements on the objects and types of circulation processing. The processing characteristic of the logistics process is to form a coherent integrated operation of warehousing, processing, transportation, and distribution of the processing object. Such logistics centers are mostly distributed in raw materials, product origins or consumption places. The goods after circulation and processing are then operated by using special vehicles, special equipment (devices) and corresponding special facilities, such as refrigerated trucks, refrigerated warehouses, coal slurry pipelines, coal slurry pressurization facilities, cement bulk trucks, and prefabricated sites And so on, can improve logistics quality, efficiency and reduce logistics costs. 5. The distribution center is a logistics base that integrates multiple service functions such as picking up, collection, packaging, warehouse, loading and unloading, distribution, distribution, processing, information services, delivery, etc., also known as the distribution center (city Assembly Center). Distribution centers are a type of logistics centers with relatively complete logistics functions. They should be located on the edge of the city and with convenient transportation. 6. The material center is a material and commodity distribution center that relies on various materials and commodity trading markets for collection, storage, packaging, loading and unloading, distribution, delivery, information consulting, freight forwarding and other services, and the logistics center of some group companies , Is formed by relying on various material trading markets. Some influential small commodity markets, fashion markets, and cloth markets across the country have also initially formed places and organizations that provide users with purchasing, storage, agency sales, shipping and other one-stop related services. Some have become national small commodities, Professional logistics centers for cloth, fashion, etc. At present, the application level of electronic information technology in such logistics centers is still very low. Many different types of logistics centers explain that the social and economic backgrounds are different, the economic geography, the transportation location characteristics are different, the logistics objects, and the nature of the logistics center are different, and the logistics center models formed are also different, and the same model is required to limit the functions and infrastructure of the logistics center. The construction is unrealistic. However, different types of logistics centers should fully perform their functions in the systemization of logistics, not only to meet the needs of logistics at all levels, but also to avoid the waste of repeated construction of logistics facilities. For third-party logistics operators, relying on freight hub yards and freight stations to establish regional logistics centers and urban distribution centers is the basic way to extend services by taking advantage of the original freight industry. It is also a more advantageous choice to perfect the original single-function collection, delivery, transfer, and trade center according to local conditions, and make it a multi-functional logistics center that can connect trunk transportation and can carry out city and factory distribution operations. 2188